Since 1901, the Nobel Prizes have been presented to Nobel Prize laureates at ceremonies on 10 December, the anniversary of Alfred Nobel’s death in 1896. As stipulated in Nobel’s will, the Nobel Prizes in Physics, Chemistry, Physiology or Medicine and Literature are awarded in Stockholm, Sweden, while the Nobel Peace Prize is awarded in Oslo, Norway. Since 1969 an additional prize has been awarded at the ceremony in Stockholm – the Sverige’s Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel. Each laureate is required to give a public lecture on a subject related to the topic of their prize, and these lectures usually occur in the week leading up to this day.