• PURPOSE: To evaluate lesbian, gay, bisexual, trans- gender, questioning, and other sexual/gender minority (LGBTQ+) orientation as a burnout risk factor among an international ophthalmologist cohort.
• METHODS: An anonymous, cross-sectional electronic survey was distributed via an Internet platform to char- acterize the relationship among demographic factors, in- cluding LGBTQ+ orientation, and burnout as measured by the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory (CBI). Univari- able data analysis (linear) by sexual orientation was per- formed and variables with an association with a P value of <0.15 in univariable analysis were included in the mul- tiple linear regression modeling. • RESULTS: A total of 403 ophthalmologists participated in the survey. The majority self-identified as “White” (69.2%), were from North America (72.0% United States, 18.6% Canada) and were evenly distributed be- tween age of 30 and 65 years. Overall, 13.2% of par- ticipants identified as LGBTQ+ and 98.2% as cisgen- der. Approximately 12% had witnessed or experienced LGBTQ+-related workplace discrimination or harass- ment. The personal and work-related burnout scores and confidence limits of persons identified as LGBTQ+ were higher and nonoverlapping compared with those reported as non-LGBTQ+. Multivariable analysis identified sig- nificant risk factors for higher personal and work-related burnout scores: LGBTQ+ (11.8 and 11.1, P = .0005 and .0023), female gender (5.36 and 4.83, P = .0153 and .0434), older age (19.1 and 19.2, P = .0173 and .0273). and caretaker stress (6.42 and 5.97, P = .0085 and .0239). • CONCLUSIONS: LGBTQ+ orientation is a burnout risk factor among ophthalmologists, and LGBTQ+ workplace discrimination may be a contributing factor. Support from ophthalmology organizations to address LGBTQ+- , gender-, and age-related workplace discrimination may decrease burnout. NOTE: Publication of this article is sponsored by the American Ophthalmological Society. (Am J Ophthalmol 2023;246: 66–85. © 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)